Search results for "genomic inbreeding"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Genomic inbreeding estimation in small populations: evaluation of runs of homozygosity in three local dairy cattle breeds

2016

In the local breeds with small population size, one of the most important problems is the increase of inbreeding coefficient (F). High levels of inbreeding lead to reduced genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. The availability of high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays has facilitated the quantification of F by genomic markers in farm animals. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes and represent an estimate of the degree of autozygosity at genome-wide level. The current study aims to quantify the genomic F derived from ROH (F-ROH) in three local dairy cattle breeds. F-ROH values were compared with F estimated from the genomic relati…

0301 basic medicineSingle-nucleotide polymorphismRuns of HomozygosityBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideSF1-1100local cattle breedSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento Genetico03 medical and health sciencesAnimal sciencegenomic inbreeding; local cattle breeds; runs of homozygosity; Animal Science and ZoologyGenetic variationInbreeding depressionAnimalsInbreedinglocal cattle breedsDairy cattleGeneticsGenetic diversityruns of homozygositygenomic inbreedingHomozygote0402 animal and dairy scienceGenetic Variation04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040201 dairy & animal scienceBreedAnimal culture030104 developmental biologyItalyCattleFemaleAnimal Science and ZoologyInbreedingAnimal
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Runs of homozygosity reveal genome-wide autozygosity in Italian sheep breeds

2018

The availability of dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays allows for the determination of autozygous segments based on runs of consecutive homozygous genotypes (ROH). The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of ROH in 21 Italian sheep breeds using medium-density SNP genotypes in order to characterize autozygosity and identify genomic regions that frequently appeared in ROH within individuals, namely ROH islands. After filtering, the final number of animals and SNPs retained for analyses were 502 and 46 277 respectively. A total of 12 302 ROH were identified. The mean number of ROH per breed ranged from 10.58 (Comisana) to 44.54 (Valle del B…

0301 basic medicineCandidate geneRuns of homozygosity islandCandidate geneSingle-nucleotide polymorphismRuns of HomozygosityBiologyBarbarescaPolymorphism Single Nucleotidesheep breeds03 medical and health sciencessingle nucleotide polymorphismGenotypeGeneticsAnimalsSNPSheep breedGeneticsSheepgenomic inbreedingHomozygotecandidate genes; genomic inbreeding; runs of homozygosity islands; sheep breeds; single nucleotide polymorphism; Animal Science and Zoology; GeneticsGeneral MedicineCandidate genes; Genomic inbreeding; Runs of homozygosity islands; Sheep breeds; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Animal Science and Zoology; Geneticsbiology.organism_classificationBreedruns of homozygosity islandsGenetics Population030104 developmental biologyItalyAnimal Science and Zoologycandidate genesInbreedingAnimal Genetics
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Genomic inbreeding estimation in small populations: evaluation of runs of homozygosity in local cattle breeds

2015

The availability of high throughput genotyping has facilitated the quantification of inbreeding by genomic markers in farm animals. Run of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes and represent an estimate of the degree of autozygosity at genome-wide level. The current study aims to quantify the genomic inbreeding derived from ROH (FROH) in three Italian local cattle breeds. Individuals of Cinisara (71), Modicana (72), Reggiana (168) were genotyped with the 50K v2 Illumina BeadChip. Genotypes from 96 animals of the Italian Holstein cattle breed were included in the analysis. The following criteria were used to define a ROH: two missing SNPs; one heterozygous SNP; mi…

local cattle breedruns of homozygositySettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento GeneticoGenomic inbreeding
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